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CORNWALL GARDENS | 康沃尔花园洋房CORNWALL GARDENS | 康沃尔花园洋房

2020-05-18 发布


“优质独立式洋房”(GCB),算是新加坡地产房中的一个极小众类别,它通常只与属于少数特权阶层的高端地产房屋联系起来。康沃尔花园洋房的项目,其实是设计师对新加坡传统的“优质独立式洋房”(GCB)这一概念进行重新解读所发起的一次“挑战”;
又或者说,是一次“机遇”。
Thisproject offers opportunities to reinterpret the ‘GoodClass Bungalow’ (GCB). The GCB is a niche category of landed houses inSingapore, often associated with high-end landed housing for the privileged few. The‘site coverage’, which essentially refers to the building foot print, cannotexceed 35% of the site area.
从康沃尔花园洋房顶楼向下俯瞰,以绿为名雕梁画栋。暮色四合之中,唯它灯火通明,宅室温暖,犹如真正遗世独立的世外桃源

康沃尔花园洋房是为一个四世同堂的大家族设计。在现代社会的时代背景下,在热带气候的自然环境中,当一个大家族所有的家庭成员居住于一处彼此联结、相互贯通的小型社会空间时,人们的生活、交流以及娱乐方式又会发生怎样的变化?以此为源,它重新审视了增强住户生活趣味的方式,并且重新激活了住户集体生活的互动——更丰富,更亲密,更自由。
Intended for a family of four generations,this project relooks at ways of enhancing the joy of tropical living, ofenlivening communallivingin a contemporary, tropical setting, where family members reside in a home ofinterconnected social spaces.

蓝天掩映下,康沃尔花园洋房俨然同热带自然浑然一体

这座独立式洋房位于武吉知马规划区,毗邻康沃尔花园,是坐落于“优质独立式洋房区”(GCBA)中的一处木结构独立住宅。房屋的主人考虑到父母的退休生活,于是对这一处总面积达1494平方米的场地进行了详细规划。
他们的愿景是,想要这个地方成为“拥有尽可能多的植物和流水元素的开放式住宅,从而它成为整个家族避暑的热带天堂”;同时也希望这座房屋经过再设计后,能吸引激励他们的三个孩子“长大之后,和他们的家庭一起在这里,继续生活”。
Thishouse is located along Cornwall Gardens, within an enclave of detached housesin a ‘Good Class Bungalow Area(GCBA)’, under the Bukit Timah Planning Area. Theclient had planned this site of 1494 sqm for the retirement of their parents,an ‘open home with as much foliage and water elements as possible, and makingit a cool tropical paradise for the family’. This, they hope to encourage theirthree children to ‘raise their families here when they grow up’.
房屋的意义,也许便在于传承。他们也许希望这里他们深爱的地方,成为承载着一代又一代回忆和故事的世外桃源;回归,凝聚,落叶归根,成为跨越风霜岁月依旧伫立如初的家。

康沃尔花园洋房循廊而行,可见身侧藤蔓垂挂,两旁层簇叶丛相伴

除此之外,屋主钟情于天然质朴的材质,偏爱于色调厚重的饰面;这亦使得康沃尔花园洋房实现了一种和自然同生同长,同呼同吸的“同步自然态”;并且还可以有效减少过于强烈刺目的热带阳光对于房屋的伤蚀。
Inaddition, they had a preference for natural and darker shades of finishes, tobe in sync with nature, and to cut down glare from the harsh tropical sun.

清澈见底的水境,恣意丰茂的绿荫,构成了康沃尔花园洋房如梦如幻,生机勃勃的中庭之景。

为了满足设计简纲要求,以及适应地域背景现况,设计师将建筑的“L”型构造扩展成“U”型,内部空间得以被重新排序组织,小到个人大到家族的不同需求得以满足;最终目的是让这座热带城堡中的人们,无论是同堂四世,亦或是相连邻里,人们都能拥有互不侵扰,自享生活的私密感;同时,强化家庭成员拥有对于社族这一概念更强烈,更真切的归属感和凝聚感。
Inresponse to the brief and the site context, the original L-shaped plan has beenextended to a U, with spaces reorganized to meet the family’s needs. Theobjective is to generate a sense of privacy amongst the different generationsand between the neighbors; and at the same time, a sense of communality andcohesion amongst the family members.

康沃尔花园洋房从起居室向外望去,是满目的绿。正所谓亲人于侧,自然于中。

为了保障这些优质独立式洋房的质量,新加坡拥有一套十分具体的规划准则——它们的建筑面积被要求至少达到1400平方米,它们的上盖面积则必须参考建筑的占地面积,不得超过占地总面积的35%。于是,如何在遵循场地覆盖面积的严格控制的前提下,同时满足四代人住房的空间和生活需求,对于设计师而言,诚然是一种挑战。
然而在设计的过程中,这一挑战反而成为了康沃尔花园项目的核心灵感,可以说正是因为场地的限制,反而成就了它别出心裁的建筑特色——于建筑的水平面之中垂直嵌入留白和空隙设计,如空庭花池,如分阶绿化,使得整座建筑呈现出一种镂雕艺术的立体感和层次感;也正因为它的留白和空隙,如此一来日光便能更充分地渗透进房屋;内部空间的角落处处,都能感受到自然风的交叉流通;与此同时,这里亦成为了适宜那些热带树木灌丛和水生动物昆虫的,生存,繁衍,栖息之处。
There are specific planning guidelinesto safeguard the qualities of these houses. The minimum plot size has to be1400 sqm. The stringent site coverage control posed challenges in meeting thespace requirements for housing four generations. However, during the designprocess, this became a key inspiration, prompting a series of voids andcrevices to be carved out on plan, for the penetration of daylight into thespaces, for natural ventilation, and for the cultivation of a variety oftropical undergrowth and aquatic lives.

足下木质廊板色泽温润,廊侧热带树丛绿荫丰茂,视线尽头是密林身处,是归根之处

康沃尔花园洋房的东立面,在位于名为康沃尔花园的道路的前方。它是带有可以通向对面街道的入口的双层围栏结构,通体由木炭成分的原木组成,能够有效地过滤噪音,同时净化空气;而关于炭质原木还有一种更神秘而浪漫的说法,在东方文化中,人们相信木炭之中蕴藏着来自大地之灵的“气”,是好运和顺境的象征。
Fronting the road namedCornwall Gardens, the east façade is a two-storey envelope punctuated withopenings greeting the street. Composed of charcoal logs thatserve as filter from noise and air pollution, for the orient, it is believedthat charcoal generates earth ‘qi’, and symbolises good fortune.

炭木纹理于绿荫掩映下,具有强烈热带地域风格

在康沃尔花园洋房的外墙之后,外围被有意塑造成以实现人类和自然“共生”为目标的生活空间。为了实现建筑的自然降温,同时保证整体环境的福祉,康沃尔花园洋房整体规划中还加入了植物及水体的自然元素。
Behindthe exterior walls, the periphery was sculpted to accommodate living spacesthat are designed with an I-Thou relationship with nature, i.e. the family andnature share the same breathing space. Plants and water bodies are part of theoverall planning, for passive cooling and for the general wellness of theenvironment.

孩童于水景中尽情嬉戏,想必亦会成为另一种亲密而愉快的童年回忆

在康沃尔花园洋房的入口厅室处,耸立着一面曾发生过渗漏状况的古旧的挡土墙,设计师将它整改修缮之后,使这一区域呈现出灵动丰饶的瀑布景观——水流从空中坠落,飞溅,涓汩流淌,清脆而剔透的水声,亦成为迎宾之音。观赏之处不限于主门,宾客可以于康沃尔花园洋房的不同楼层,不同角度,充分享受它所带来的视觉和听觉的双重感官之美。
Atthe entrance foyer, an old retaining wall with a history of leakage hasprompted the transformation of this area into a waterfall feature. Visitors arenow greeted with sounds of cascading water, which can be enjoyed from alllevels.

康沃尔花园洋房之中,热带叶丛肆意生长,水景丰饶,鱼虫欢愉,如已入雨林仙境,同自然起居共栖

康沃尔花园洋房实则傍坡而建,从而形成同窑洞如出一辙的空间构形。而在上盖面积限制的条件下,它通过垂直向的立体构筑,来提升和强化了有限的空间使用面积——种满热带果树的种植园应运而生。随着这一区域的引入,不仅可以降低建筑周遭的环境温度,同时还能够将室内私人空间同外部公共区域隔离开来。于是从平面上来看,康沃尔花园洋房与其说它的上盖面积,不如直接称其为它的“绿化面积”——俯瞰映入眼帘的,便是这围绕中心水池逐层浮立的,环绕状多阶景台层绿结构;另一方面,它作为整座建筑雨水收集系统的汇水区,能够对雨水进行回收,实现了绿化循环灌溉。
Workingwith the sloping terrain, the resulting sections are spatial configurationsresembling cave dwellings. Built-ups that contributed to the site coverage are utilizedas planters for tropical fruit trees, to cool the ambient temperature, and toinsulate the interiors. On plan, the site coverage has been expressed as a‘green coverage’ of landscape decks and cascading planters framing the centralpool space. These are also catchment areas for the rainwater harnessing system,where recycled rainwater is used for irrigation.

多阶景台层绿结构成为康沃尔花园洋房功能性和美学性二者兼顾的主要特色之一

康沃尔花园洋房的居住空间可以将建筑的中心区尽收眼底;其外围是由交连状金属网作为围栏的绿廊,它半多孔特征的平台和围屏,以及覆盖着的浓密枝叶,不仅仅能以半开放半遮蔽式的设计结构保护居民的私密空间,亦能够允许人们的视线穿过其中从而饱览中庭风景。再者,繁枝茂叶穿过向外扩展开来的金属网,探到阳台空间之外热烈地、肆意地继续生长,于是无论是建筑之外抑或之中的人们,都可以享受到窥得此处繁盛之景的惊喜和愉悦。
The living spaces overlook this central space; theperipheries are interconnected planting verandahs in metal mesh. Thesesemi-porous decks and screens allow visual interactions across the centralspace, with the interiors partially screened for privacies. Theexpanded steel mesh allows plants to grow profusely beyond the verandah space,to be enjoyed from within and without.

繁枝茂叶仿佛并不受任何空间的限制,以自然之力尽情延展,攀附,向四面八而去,以另一种方式将建筑和周遭环境紧密相连

住宅区域内的绿廊,自然流畅的延展,伸长,进而形成一段连接建筑“U”形结构的两个端点、同时种满了郁葱茂盛百香果的“种植浮桥”;它总长16米,高6米,以相同材质的金属网作外罩之用;而浮桥两侧向上攀援的藤蔓,则为居于室内的人们遮阳成荫,保护其不受强烈光照的直射,同时又如私密屏风一般,将相邻两户空间巧妙地将隔离开来。
Theplanting verandahs of the living areas flow to form a planter bridge of passionfruits. Finished with the same steel mesh, it bridges the two ends of the ‘U’,spanning 16m and 6m high. The climbing vines aid to provide an effectivesun-shade from the setting sun, and a privacy screen for the two neighbors.

向上攀援的藤蔓是最自然的屏障

尽管在高科技手段和大规模生产限制或者说定义了新加坡本地建筑语系的现况下,康沃尔花园洋房却依旧对手工艺术的传统保持着敬畏,热忱和尊崇;见微知著,凭此一点也反映了主人们的兴趣和信仰所在。
Whilsthigh-tech and mass-production define today’s local construction idiom, craft isvery much celebrated in this house. This also reflects the interest of thefamily members.




康沃尔花园洋房的细节处处,充满质朴细腻的质感和悠远文化的意蕴

譬如,建筑的墙壁饰面采用卵石和炭木作为主要的构筑材质,卵石形态各异,自成旨趣,炭木质地古朴,底蕴风雅;在其中的一根圆木上,以中国古代传统甲骨文,雕刻着宅邸和家族成员之名。主门使用回收再利用的铁路枕木,设计成同炭质原木表面的劈裂纹理相似的放射状花样。下沉平台上的扶手是雕刻式钢筋,以为葡萄藤的生长留出空隙。
从旧建筑中回收材料和家具,其实是新宅邸装修计划的一部分。回收后的木材被用于打造新的康沃尔花园洋房的地板以及橱柜。老旧的照明设备、窗户和门板被重新安装,以纪念,缅怀旧房屋及它所相伴的逝去时光。
Wallfinishes are done in varying wash-pebbles and charcoal logs. The house signage,the family’s name in ancient Chinese oracle bone character, is engraved on oneof the logs. The main door is done in radiating patterns from recycled railwaysleepers to echo the split surfaces of the charcoal logs. The grab bars to thesunken deck are sculpted rebars to complement the vines. Salvaged materials andobjects from the old house form part of the new house’s schedule of finishes.Recycled wood were used for floorings and cabinetries. Old light fittings,window and door panels were readapted in memory of the old house.

主门的放射状花样和炭木的发散式纹理相映成趣

总而言之,康沃尔花园洋房为新加坡传统意义上“优质独立式洋房区”(GCBA)的居住体验提供了更多的选择,以此实现了对它的重新定义。它亦改变了优质独立式洋房(GCB)的传统调色,不是抛光面的大理石,而是更质朴的枕木;不是亮闪闪的黄铜,而是工业风的栅栏;同时却依旧保持了这种洋房类型所代表的那种“奢华生活”的美学质感和体验价值——它创造出了一种璞真同华丽共存,传统和现代共生的建筑语言。
它重新定义的,是热带地域的人们身体和精神上的一种理解力,一种感受力,一种习惯力,关于“建筑”,关于“文化”,关于“环境”,关于“生活”,关于“家”。
——请与自然一同生活,并且持续不断地,碰触自然,感受自然,最终,成为自然本身。
Thishouse has suggested alternatives to redefine good class living in the GCBA. Italters the traditional palette of the GCB – from polished marble to rusticsleepers, from gleaming brass to industrialized barriers. However, it does notdiminish the tactile qualities, or the experiential valuesof what terms ‘luxury living’. It suggests new definitions of good class livingin the tropics, in the physicaland spiritual sense – by living with and constantly in touch with nature.



康沃尔花园洋房内部空间小览
项目名称:Cornwall Gardens
项目位置:Cornwall Gardens,Singapore
主创设计师:Chang Yong Ter / CHANG Architects
建筑设计团队:   Chang Yong Ter, Goh Chiaw Meng
工程团队:  Kian Huat DecorationConstruction Pte Ltd
项目面积:Site Area 1494 sqm; Gross Floor Area 1378 sqm
完成年份:2014
摄影: Mr. Albert Lim K.S.

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