木穴度假屋是建筑工作室Tenon Architecture的一个项目，位于希腊卡托特里·卡拉科林提亚斯的毕星团避暑度假山庄内，由建筑师ApostolosMitropoulos和Thanos Zervos设计建造并于2020年完成。设计师通过应用曲面木质结构的方式，对度假屋的内部空间进行更为全面的翻新，主旨在于提升度假屋的商业使用价值。 The Wooden Cave is a project by TenonArchitecture, that was designed and built by the architects ApostolosMitropoulos and Thanos Zervos at the Hyades Mountain Resortin Trikala Korinthias, Greece, and was completed in 2020. The projectentails the complete renovation of an existing space of the resort intended forcommercial use, with the construction of a curved wooden structure within it.
木穴度假屋入口
木穴度假屋入口
木穴度假屋项目空间的综合性，是基于其整体的平面空间被划分为两处使用区域的设计概念：主要空间和次要空间；前者由连续性曲木结构组成，后者则被设计成面朝风景并由深色石材作为饰面进行外观覆盖；这种划分旨在坚硬的，“保护的”外壳，同弯曲的，“迷人的”内室之间创造出明显的界限感，通过对这两种不同特质进行分割从而产生对比，让人们回想起在人类的整个生存历史进程中，被用作庇护所和避风港的原始洞穴的房屋雏形。 The synthesis of the space is based on theidea of dividing the plan into two zones: the main room, which is made up of acontinuous curved wooden structure, and the secondary spaces, which are orientedtowards the view and covered in dark stone. This division intends to create a cleardistinction between the hard, “protective” shell and the curved, “inviting” interior,reminiscent of the form of a cave that has been used as a refugeand a haven throughout human existence.
木穴度假屋内景
木穴度假屋内景
木穴度假屋内景
其内部区域的客房空间包括两个由弯曲结构整合于一体的两处卧室区，以及一个开放式厨房；外部区域包括两个辅助性房间，包括带壁炉的起居区和供主要客房客人使用的独立浴室。 The guestroom of the inner zone includes twosleeping areas integrated within the curved structure as well as an open-plan kitchen.The outer zone includes two secondary rooms：asitting area with a fireplace and the bathroom of the main guestroom.
木穴度假屋内景
木穴度假屋内景
木穴度假屋内景
木穴度假屋内景
在这个项目的空间表达中，物质性是至关重要的一方面；木穴度假屋的主要内饰元素选择了木材，而外部空间的主要材质则是选择使用从当地采购加工的石材；房屋的总体弯曲结构由云杉的原木制成，而其余的功能性部分（厨房，橱柜，地板等）则由无结松木胶合板制成。 Materiality was of paramount importance inthe spatial expression of this project, with most of its elements being woodenand the outer spaces made from stone sourced from the local area. The curvedstructure is made of spruce raw timber, while the rest of the features(kitchen, cupboards, floor, etc.) are of knotless pine plywood.
木穴度假屋内景
木穴度假屋内景
所有木质结构的建造均同混凝土外壳保有适当的偏离差，以允许气流从木材后方流通经过——在木质和混凝土之间为空气循环余留空间的目的在于保护房屋结构，同时利用木材的自然缓冲力来被动调节房间内的湿度与温度；另一方面，由于它处于高海拔区，一年四季的气候温度都会出现剧烈的变化波幅，所以具有能够控制环境条件功能的被动化系统在此处建筑设计中能够发挥起至关重要的作用。 All the wooden structures were constructed atan offset from the concrete shell, which allows for airflow behind the wood.Circulating air between the wooden elements and the concrete aims to protectthe structure and passively regulate the room’s humidity and temperature,utilizing wood’s natural buffering abilities. The passive system of controllingthe environmental conditions, was of vital importance for the project, as thearea, being on a high altitude, is characterized by significant temperature fluctuationsthroughout the year.
木穴度假屋内景
该项目的建设由Tenon的团队在现场完成；弯曲的结构由1112个不同的弯曲木块组成，而每一个木块组件的图纸标注都是利用精密算法计算后生成的准确数值，并传输到施工现场，再经过人工处理，转换为55个结合后的更大体量的组件筑块。而在整座房屋的结构体完成最后组装之前，每个模块将会进行最终的手工雕刻加工成型。 The construction of the project was carriedout by Tenon’s team on-site. The curved structure consists of 1.112 differentcurved wooden pieces. The drawings of each piece were produced algorithmicallyand transferred on-site, where the pieces were processed manually and convertedinto 55 larger modules. Each of the modules was then hand-carved and shaped beforethe final assembly of the structure.
木穴度假屋内景
在构筑工程中，设计师没有采用任何数字化制备方法，也因此其最终呈现出得是经过雕塑化方法建造出来的完成形态。 这种高度定制的雕塑化过程从侧面而言，也意味着没有雇用木匠，工人或者其他技术人员，并且仅由团队中的两位成员就完成了结构各个部分的构造和组装。 The absence of any digital fabricationmethods in the construction resulted in the adoption of a more sculpturalapproach towards the final form. This kind of highly customized sculpturalprocess also meant that no carpenters, workers, orother technicians were employed, and every part of the structure wasconstructed and assembled by the two members of the team.
木穴度假屋内景
最后，这项工作中最具挑战性的部分之一，是如何将算法图纸转换为能够满足实际情况的操作说明，以便在现场手工制作和雕刻木材，也正因此，木穴度假屋的最终结构是算法逻辑和实践工艺的独特融合。 Finally, one of the most challenging parts ofthis work, was the translation of the algorithmic drawings into practicalinstructions for hand-working and sculpting the wood on-site. The finalstructure is, therefore, a unique amalgamation of algorithmic logic andhands-on craftsmanship.
木穴度假屋设计手稿
木穴度假屋侧方位视图
木穴度假屋侧视图
木穴度假屋平面图
项目名称：木穴度假屋WoodenCave 完成年份： 2020 建筑团队：Tenon Architecture 建筑主创： Apostolos Mitropoulos,Thanos Zervos 工程设计： Tenon Architecture 项目位置： 希腊卡托特里·卡拉科林提亚斯TrikalaKorinthias, Greece 项目客户： 毕星团避暑度假山庄HyadesMountain Resort 摄影支持：Spyros Hound Photography
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